DOQQ

http://www.geomart.com/products/geodata/

DOQQ, or Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle Quads, is an electronically reassembled image from an aerial photograph. It is able to take an image and remove certain factors that impede visibility and cleanliness of the lines. The image below is a final transitional image of an area with high terrain relief that has been improved by the DOQQ process.

DEM

http://tahoe.usgs.gov/DEM.html

DEM model is a raster based image produced through the help of software, most commonly used by the USGS. The DEM model below shows an overhead image of the Lake Tahoe basin.

Triangle Plot

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_plot

A triangle plot, or ternary plot, or de Finetti diagram, is a plot whose data set functions along three variables and sum to a constant number. Because of this, it is a visual display of the ratios of the three variables within an equilateral triangle. The plot below shows the flammability of methane as a function of two other variables, which are the presence in what quantities of Nitrogen and Oxygen.

Windrose

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_rose

A windrose is a visual graph used by meteorologists to show the strength, direction and frequency of wind at a given location. It looks similar to a star plot, but functions more like a bar graph stemming from a single point of origin. The plot below shows the wind speed windrose at LaGuardia Airport in Manhattan.

Climograph

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climograph

A climograph is a clever graph that shows correlations of basic characteristics of an areas climate together. It typically will displace average rain fall and precipitation compared to average temperature in corresponding months. Below is a climograph of Calcutta that shows monthly temperatures and precipitation.

Population Profile

http://geo.acaps.org/docs/435

A population profile is a visual map that is used in demographics and shows the number of people as a function of age. Primarily, population profiles are used when a population's sustainability is analyzed, and can reveal things like young-heavy or old-heavy population loading is present. The profile below shows the age distribution in Mali last year.

Scatter Plot

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatter_plot

A scatter plot uses cartesean coordinates to display any number of points as they relate to two variables, charted along the x and y axis. They are used for a finite data sets that have most likely not been taken regularly as a function of time. The plot below is a good example of a scatter plot, because it shows it's power as a tool for determining the flow of a set of data and makes that suggested correlation easily digestible for the reader.